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Vliv podmínek skladování na mikrobiologickou jakost zvěřiny
Macháčová, Lucie
The theoretical part of my thesis focuses on venison, its composition and microorganisms that devalue its shelf life. The purpose of practical part of my thesis was to monitor changes in the number of selected microorganisms in samples of vacuum-packed meat of deer, roe deer and wild boar after seven days of storage in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. The study included a total of six series of samples meat of red deer, roe deer and wild boar. The monitored microbiological criteria were Escherichia coli, coliform microorganisms, psychrotrophic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria and the total number of microorganisms. The total number of microorganisms presents in deer meat samples increased by 1.62 log CFU.g-1 to 7.55 log CFU.g-1, in roe deer meat samples by 1.73 log CFU.g-1 to 7.65 log CFU. g-1 and in wild boar meat samples by 1.4 log CFU.g-1 to 7.61 log CFU.g-1. The highest increase of microorganisms, in most of determination, was in samples of roe deer, the smallest in samples of red deer. Wild boar indicates the biggest microbial contamination on the first day of storage. Microbiological determination of individual counts was performed in the laboratory of the Institute of Food Technology by using cultivation methods on plates. None of the observed samples of red deer, roe deer or wild boar exceed the limit of destruction (108 CFU.g-1) after one week.
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Sexuální projevy u kanců a prasnic
JELÍNKOVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor thesis deals with sexual manifestations in boars and sows. The aim of this thesis is to monitor and evaluate sexual manifestations in boars and sows in conventional breeding. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the importance of breeding, breeding history, pig numbers and the breeding system in the Czech Republic. The focus is then placed on the development of pig genitals, sexual activity management, sexual behavior and sexual reflexes. The practical part covers the principal assessment, which is based on permanent monitoring of pigs during sexual intercourse. Individual sexual reflexes time duration, specific manifestations or caregiver interventions are closely followed. Sexual behavior was monitored in a pig herd numbering 17 boars and 71 sows (of which 10 were gilts) with a total number of 202 matings, of which 102 were successful (need for assistance being 51.8 %) and 100 unsuccessful. The results were formulated in tables and graphs.
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Vlivy působící na kvalitativní a kvantitativní znaky spermatu kanců
KUČERA, Josef
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effects of boar´s genotype (breed or breed combination), season, age and artificial insemination centre on sperm volume, sperm concentration, motility percentage, percentage of abnormal spermatozoa and total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate. The data were collected in 2017 and 2018 from 17 794 collections from 504 boars, 6 to 101 month of age, 6 breeds and 5 breed combinations. The boars were bred in 8 artificial insemination centres in the Czech Republic. Each boar´s genotype produced average sperm volume, sperm volume grew up from spring to autumn and to 4 years of age. Sperm concentration was lower. There were a difference 27 ×103/mm3 (P<0.01) between spring and winter. Boars between 2 to3 years of age had higher sperm concentration (14 ×103/mm3 resp. 15.2 ×103/mm3) than boars less 1 year, resp. 2 to 3 years of age (P<0.01). Sperm motility was at good quality in all genotypes and artificial insemination centres, in all seasons and every age group. Total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate was lower for most genotypes, grew to 4 years of age, there were statistically significant differences between spring and autumn 9 bill.
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Reprodukční vlastnosti mateřských plemen prasat
Mandová, Lucie
The thesis is focused on reproductive properties (fertility and dairy) of maternal breeds of pigs. At first are described the reproductive properties of sows and boars, including the external and internal factors influencing these properties. Another part of the bachelor thesis is focused on the charakteristics of maternal brees with the genetic reserve, the transverse black-haired pig. The maternal breeds are analyzed at performance of pigs focusing on development of daily gain, lifetime performance and current situation, ie a general overview of the stocks in the studbook. After the analysis, comparison is made with paternal breeds.
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Vliv aditivních látek na funkční vlastnosti kančích spermií
Lipenský, Jan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the preservation ability of five commercial boar semen extenders and compare CASA (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis) method and classic subjective method of the sperm motility evaluation. The second objective of this study was to examine the boar seminal plasma selenium and zinc concentration and their relation to semen quality and quantity. The third objective of this study was to analyse the effect of twelve natural substances characterized by antibacterial activity on boar semen. Furthermore, the last objective of this study was to assess the effect of herbal extract supplement prepared from Eurycoma longifolia, Tribulus terrestris and Leuzea carthamoides on libido, semen quality and quantity in boars. The sperm progressive motility decreased among all tested extenders, depending on the storage time and increasing dilution ratio. The highest sperm progressive motility was achieved in Androhep Plus extender, followed by extenders VIP 5 and VIP 3. The lowest progressive sperm motility was typical for both BTS type extenders. The sperm progressive motility was influenced by the method and by the method and interactions with a variety of other factors including dilution ratio, sample storage time and sperm movement quality. There was no significant relation between the boar seminal plasma zinc concentration and sperm quality or quantity parameters. The boar seminal plasma selenium concentration positively correlated with sperm progressive motility, sperm concentration, total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate and negatively with distal protoplasmic droplet occurrence. Natural substances characterized by antibacterial activity had a significant negative effect on the sperm progressive motility. The positive effect of the herbal extract supplement containing natural stimulants on the libido of boars has been demonstrated in this study. The quality or quantity of boar sperm was not highly affected by this herbal extract supplement.
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Analýza morfologických změn spermií kanců a jejich vliv na plodnost prasnic
ŠTVERÁK, Martin
The aim of the work was to evaluate the quality of boar ejaculate in terms of sperm morphology and the influence on fertility of sows. The data came from 58 sperm collections from 8 boars of one line. The boars were housed in the semen collection centre under the same conditions and were in age from 11 to 21 months. In the ejaculate analysis, the evaluation of the pathologically changed sperms was performed by determining the frequency of the finding of individual morphological changes. To evaluate the effect of semen on the litter size, data from 123 successful inseminations and subsequent births were processed. The results showed that boars in most cases produced ejaculate with an average volume with a lower sperm concentration. The incidence of morphologically abnormal sperms was normal for almost all boars. The most common sperm abnormalities were immature sperms and defects of sperm flagella. It was confirmed that more piglets were born after using insemination doses made from sperm ejaculate with the higher sperm count. Furthermore, when using ejaculate with a morphologically abnormal sperm count below 15%, more piglets were born than when the sperm count was 1525%. In the case of immature sperms, a negative correlation with the number of born piglets has been proven.
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Zhodnocení kanců působících na inseminační stanici
Kamanová, Vendula
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate boars on the insemination center in terms of quantitative and qualitative indicators of sperm depending on age and season. Evaluation was based on sampling data from the years 2011 to 2015. Based on the results we can say that the age of boars and season of the year has an influence on production and quality of semen. With increasing age is increase in volume of semen and content of pathological sperm and this growth stops after the age of 3 years. Since the beginning of boars in artificial insemination to 3 years of age is decreasing sperm motility and to 4 years of age there is also a decrease in sperm concentration. Significant fluctuations in motility of sperm depending on the season have been found in boars older than 2 years, and a decline in the summer months. Furthermore, it was shown that in all age groups occurred in the summer to increase the percentage of sperm pathology. In boars up to 1 year of age, there was a continuous increase in sperm concentration from winter to autumn. In boars older than 1 year was observed decrease in the concentration of sperm in the summer, whereas in autumn and winter, the concentration was increased. The greatest value of semen volume were at all ages recorded in the fall. The most significant decline in volume of semen has been found in boars under 1 year of age in the summer and boars aged over one year in the spring season.
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Vliv tepelného stresu na kvalitu ejakulátu kanců
Přibilová, Magdalena
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of high temperature on selected parameters of semen quality of duroc boars at the insemination station in Velké Mezirici (N 49°23.46667', E 15°52.70135') in season from May to September. For purpose of the experiment were chosen 20 boars of the Duroc breed, divided into two groups. Group A (the control group; n = 10) has average quality of semen and group B (the experimantal group; n = 10) showed below-average long-term quality of semen. Analysed parametres were volume of ejaculate (ml), concentration of sperm (thousands/ml), total account of sperm in ejaculate (mld. ks), motility (%) and rate of abnormal sperm (%). In the stable the temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%) were monitored at hourly intervals for whole period of this study. The results of the experiment shows that the volume of ejaculate from both monitored groups increased at the same rate (P > 0.05) and in group A from 198 ml to 252 ml; in group B from 203 ml to 241 ml. Concentration of sperm of group A decreased (from 499 000/ml to 436 000/ml), whereas concentration of sperm of group B was at the same level during the experiment. The motility of sperm of group A at the end of the experiment increased (from 71.4 % to 74.0 %) and motility of sperm of group B has intensively decreased (from 67.3 % to 62.2 %). The decreation of sperm motility was statisticaly significant (P < 0.05). The influence of ambient temperature in this case had no significant effect on boar semen with average values (group A), but has been reported statistical significance in deterioration of sperm motility (P <0.05) and number of morphologically abnormal sperm (P < 0.05) in group of boars, who showed below-average long-term semen quality (group B). In both groups there was lower sperm concentration, which could be due to the increased volume of ejaculate in the summer months.
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